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Author: Elias Tazartes, Kakarot Zkevm co -founder and CEO; Translation: Bitchain Vision Xiaozou
Kakarot Zkevm is about to enter the test network. We want to reiterate our vision: Why does the Rollup field still need another ZKEVM?
This article will discuss the uniqueness of Kakarot. How does it provide the simplest and most affordable architecture, and why Kakarot is important to end users and developers to answer this question.
The disruptive EVM builders have extended the user experience design space, and they will see a enthusiastic and friendly environment in Kakarot.
1As well asKakarotBrief introduction
Kakarot is a supportable language that supports support for StarkNet and all Starknetos chains (also known as the Cairovm chain or Starknet application chain).Kakarot is a ZKrollup compatible with Ethereum. Its goal is to achieve completely equivalent effects without compromise over time.In addition to compatibility, Kakarot also strives to promote more innovation in L2 space and add new features such as EVM abstraction such as native accounts.Kakarot’s driving spirit is proof, extension and innovation.
2As well asKakarotVision
In this article, we will introduce what Kakarot is different, and why it is important to end users and builders.After years of development through the Ethereum ecosystem, we have formed three firm beliefs. We hope to solve problems and achieve vision through Kakarot.
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TPS is not important than a certain threshold.Users want a response level that is equivalent to Web3 DAPP as Web2 applications and fast web3 DAPPs.In other words, users want a sub -second -level transaction speed.This usually means that to reach 10,000 TPS still need to wait a few years (we still need to solve the problem of status growth together).
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Trading costs are the main obstacles.As Vitalik said in a blog post: “I think the culprit that leads to this transformation (web3 openness) is the rise in transaction costs.” The transaction cost should eventually drop below a penny to make people freeExperiment and innovation.
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Another major obstacle adopted by a large scale is the user experience.In Kakarot, we believe that the status quo of the web3 user experience needs to be greatly improved.For example, our goal is to provide another choice for those who do not want to manage the words, or those who seek most DAPPs to achieve a one -click operation experience (ie, multiple calls).
To sum up these three points, Kakarot can form its promise to users, and its position in the current Rollup competition in Ethereum:
While providing low -cost and fast transactions,KakarotThe purpose is to lead the account -based abstraction (call more,Secure Enclave SignerPublish and fast function release (for example, first in most similar onesEIP) User -centric innovation.
3As well asKakarotDesign: The inevitable separation of cryptography and engineering
In a sense, Kakarot’s architecture is inevitable because it is created based on the first principle.The core of Kakarot is built with high -level language cairo.This makes Kakarot the only ZKEVM that is really separated by cryptography and engineering, which corresponds to “ZK” and “EVM” in ZKEVM (except for the RETH of ZETH and SP1 currently in the research phase).
What does this separation mean for our team?It means faster development, less code (much less code to be written than customized circuits), easier maintenance, and all innovations in Cairo in verification and open source software.
The idea of separation is not only elegant, but also the only way to support future expansion.For ZKEVM, which builds a customized circuit, it has been proven to support the main network hard fork and innovate through new EIPs in advance.
We believe that more participants will shift to proven intermediary virtual machines in this field.Today, the two options that can prove and adaptable software are:
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Use LLVM language and prove it, such as Rust to LLVM, and then Risc-V proved to use Risc-Zero VKVM (such as Rust code of Revm can prove to be ZETH).
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Using Cairo language, this is a programming language for “proof design” built for Cairovm.
We are confident that CAIRO will always have better performance (while other ZKVM may be more convenient), because its construction integrates the concept of proof, which is different from other ZKVM.In the next few years, Cairo will be proven to be the most practical and efficient tool for writing software.
4Deliven by user -centric
It is good to develop simple and easy -to -use software, but end users do not care about these.They don’t care whether the back end of WhatsApp is running on AWS or on its own cloud, and does not care which programming language is written in Telegram.The end user expects obvious added value.
The challenge we face in the construction process of Kakarot is to convert this huge engineering advantage (a high -level proven intermediary language) into the added value of our community.
We hope to show our rapid adaptability to the change of Ethereum.The first two obvious advantages we provide for the community are:
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Kakarot Zkevm will immediately integrate Dencun’s main network hard split: all new operating codes and updates will be included in (TSTORE, etc.).
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A cooperative product roadmap, user testing, iterative construction.
Let’s take a little time to find out the second point.We are free and we can quickly achieve important functions (because our community will choose).At our test network stage, we will release new features and ask our community to choose the most useful features.We are glad to try some of our ideas in our test network: native calls, EOA with Faceid (or hardware SIGNER), mobile priority native account abstraction, EOF early integration, etc.!
When we explore new features with our builders and end user communities, remember that CaiRo and its ecosystems are actively developing in the background!Starkware’s more than 100 employees are working hard to create the next generation of Prover for Cairo.At the same time, more than 500 developers and infrastructure participants in the CAIRO developer community are building new code libraries and breakthroughs, and these, Kakarot will be integrated in the future (such as parallel execution).
There is a good example that can reflect our competitive advantage, that is, the latest PROVER improvement research launched by Starkware and Polygon Labs: Circle Stark.Cairo is getting stronger and stronger!
Kakarot can not only use the vibrant Cairo ecosystem innovation (proves the increase in speed, the support of open source code libraries such as SECP256R1), but also develops high -speed development with strong flexibility (adapting to hard forks and EIP).
5As well asKakarotLatest dynamics
Based on the pure consistency spirit and the motto of “It Just Works”, Kakarot’s goal is to pass the Ethereum test (official Ethereum Foundation EVM test).This milestone will confirm our complete compatibility with Ethereum, and will also make developers avoid EVM fragmented troubles.
In this way, Kakarot will provide a seamless development experience. EVM builders can expect that the work will not go out smoothly, and it is not compatible with the Ethereum main network.We want developers to focus on important things for them: their protocols or DAPP.
Now Kakarot has passed more than 90%of the test (that is, more than 18,000 tests).We have established confidence in our EVM, and now it’s time to face the real world.
The latest situation of Kakarot is that we are entering the test network stage!To achieve this goal, we are working with Karnot and Starkware, and they will help us run our stack.In the next two quarters of 2024, we will verify our technology with your community with you (hopes).You can pay close attention to our dynamic understanding of the opening date of the public test network on Twitter!At present, the test network is not disclosed.
The following is a simplified picture of the Kakarot test network working principle:
6,in conclusion
Kakarot’s latest developments: The second and third quarter of 2024 launched the test network.
Kakarot’s unique advantage lies in its design: standing on the shoulder of a cryptographic giant and focusing on the project.Use this advantage to become a more adaptive team, and release products faster (about 6 people and contributors have built two unique ZKEVM implementation in less than a year).
Kakarot’s goal is to be compatible with Ethereum main network.We are completely guaranteed to provide guarantee to our builders’ communities through the Ethereum Foundation.As of today, we have passed more than 90%of the Ethereum test.Our goal is to allow developers to have no psychological burden on compatibility and functionality.
Kakarot’s mission is to bring more innovation to L2 space (multiple calls, Secure Enclave signatures, Paymaster, parallel execution, etc.), and support long -term development (Type 1 ZKEVM, proof of the main network, pure equivalent, etc.).
By using cairo, Kakarot can evolve quickly and quickly.A little arrogance allows us: Kakarot is here, we are destined to come.
