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Source: Coindesk, Compilation: Bitpushnews Mary LiU
The Ethereum Dencun upgrade is expected to start at about 9:55 AM on March 13th, Eastern time, named “Proto-Danksharding” or EIP-4844.Operation auxiliary network (L2/Rollup) opens oneLowerNew era of cost.
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Dencun is taken from the combination of Deneb + Cancun, which means two upgrades that occur on the Ethereum consensus layer and execution layer at the same time. This will be the largest update since Ethereum upgraded in April 2023.
Proto-Danksharding
Dencun will introduce Proto-Danksharding, which is the theoretical transition to practiceoneLong process (Vitalik buterinIt was first mentioned in 2019), and it changed the way Ethereum stored data.
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Dencun will not directly save all data on the unsusted execution layer of the Ethereum main network (expensive+large calculation), but introduces a new temporary method to store “BLOB” data. This method is cheaper.“Blob”It may not sound so smooth, but they are actually a common concept in computer science.There are similar data management blobs in programming languages such as JavaScript and Python.
Proto-DANKSHARDING is the first time Ethereum has tried “Sharding”. This is a set of technology that breaks the blockchain into mini sharding (or mini chain) to deal with more transactions in cheaply.
Although the final version of the shard takes a few years, it takes a few years, butProto-Danksharding can help solve the high GAS fee problem in Ethereum by reducing the cost of the L2 network in the short term.
Proto-Danksharding Origin?
Proto-Danksharding was named after two Ethereum researchers Dankrad Feist and Proto Lambda, and they proposed this change.
Proto-Danksharding is a necessary condition for the full launch of Danksharding.DankshardingWillFurther simplify data storage, and alsoIt takes a few years to achieve.
In addition, although the name contains the term “shard”, neither Danksharding and Proto-Danksharding are not “sliced” (or split) of the database as a small part of the traditional way (Ethereum expanded the capacity of Ethereum expansion in the computer scienceInitial planning).In a sense, Dencun introduced Proto-Danksharding to the original roadmap from Ethereum, and it is because it is easier to achieve.
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The first step of building Proto-DanksharDing took place in 2022-the largest “Trusted Setup” ceremony at that time.Name after researchers (Aniket Kate, Gregory M. Zaverucha, and Ian Goldberg), theyOn EthereumCreated a key component of BLOB storage, and thousands of people participated in the KZG ceremony. This is a way to collectively generate the primitive DANKS fragmentation work in Ethereum community.
In Ethereum, which sections have benefited the most?
Dencun will make the L2 transaction super cheap-almost no cost, which will promote almost all activities on Ethereum to these networks. Some projects or protocols may be inspired by the GAS costs that users usually bear (than than the GAS costs that users usually bear (comparedPaying marketing is cheaper!).
After Dencun, L2 will be able to publish data to Ethereum in a special BLOB space instead of being forced to pay higher costs to compress data to traditional transactions.In theory, this can help L2 more effective processing more data, thereby reducing the cost of the end user.
ArbitrumAs well asOptimismandPolygonThe second -level network will benefit from Dencun most.These networks are traded by bundling users, then passed them to Ethereum, and there are large quantities of settlement there to help expand Ethereum.In the past year, they have become the main platform for transactions on Ethereum, accumulated billions of dollars of capital pools, and always have a higher transaction volume than the main chain of Ethereum.
Proto-Danksharding will also benefit a new type of blockchain in Ethereum competition, called data availability (DA) layer.
Celestia, EIGENDA andAvailWaiting for the DA layer to help the network store a large amount of data; L2 often uses them to store transaction data.Proto-Danksharding can reduce the cost of downloading DA data.
Polygon co -founderJordi baylinaEarlier, “cost should be reduced, mainly because this is the problem of supply and demand. Your supply is greater, and the availability of the data on Ethereum will be greater, so the cost should be lower. How much is it? We don’t know, this, this, this, thisIt’s hard to predict. “
Optimism network main development companyOP LabsCEOKarl FloerschSaid: “scalability is the fundamental unlocking of collaboration without permission between cross-project and team developers. Through EIP-4844 and Dencun, developers of the entire Ethereum ecosystem can be constructed more seamlessly.”
He said that the upgrade “will enable a group of loose coordinated developers to truly build a system that can provide overall experience. These experiences will subvert the platform user experience of the top and bottom, centralized planning.”
L2 transaction data
According to L2Beat data,7 days in the pastL2The average transaction volume (TPS) of the network is 93.18, and the average transaction volume (TPS) of Ethereum (TPS) is 14.42, and the L2 Scaling Factor multiple is about 8.36.
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The data of L2Fees also shows that the average cost of sending ETH on Arbitrum is $ 0.24, and the cost of exchange to the tokens is $ 0.67.Optimism costs $ 0.47 and $ 0.92, while Polygon costs $ 0.78 and $ 2.85.
Fidge’s report on this upgrade pointed out that L2 costs account for about 10%of the total cost of L1.The fund management company stated that the proportion is expected to “decrease sharply” after upgrading.
After Dencun, Ethereum developers will begin to solve the content of the next upgrade, now called Electra +Petra.
As of now, developers have not decided what to include the software package. One of the most recognized upgrades is called “Verkle Trees”, which is a new type of data category that can help nodes to store a large amount of data.VerkleTreesDevelopment is underwaymiddle,,V God once said that Ethereum pledged and network nodes will be from VerkleTreesBenefit in deployment.
