jakiro
Author: ningning, web3caff researcher Source: x,@0xning0x
After Ethereum completes the Cankun upgrade in the first half of this year, Ethereum will complete the prototype stage (Prototype) from a single blockchain to a modular blockchain.
The Ethereum after the upgrade of the Cancun can be seen to a certain extent. It is composed of the main network of Ethereum (Arbitrum, Optimism, ZKSYNC, StarkNet, Scroll, TAIKO, METIS, etc.) based on Ethereum.Modular public chain system.
From the Slogan “Ethereum, Scaled” of Optimism, which pursues Ethereum completely equivalent, we can see the clue of this profound change.
The Ethereum stack after the upgrade of Cancun is divided into a consensus layer, data availability layer, settlement layer and execution layer.The execution layer function is outsourced (Danksharding may) outsourcing to L2 based on Ethereum. The data available layer can guarantee the reconstruction of L2. The settlement layer guarantees the asset security of L2, and the consensus layer is responsible for the final certainty.
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DA (data availability, data availability) refers to the state data Rollup to L1 containing the transaction containing Transaction. After verification and consensus, it is stored in the L1 main network to provide fraud proof and ZK-Rollup for OP-Rollow L2ZKP verification support.
The status data of L2 is now stored in the Ethereum main network block in the form of CallData.After the Cancun upgrade, the status data of L2 will be stored in the new BLOB space.
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At present, the GAS fee consumed by L2’s verification and liquidation consumption is 10%to 20%consumed by the main network of Ethereum.Among them, the DA service fee paid to the main network of Ethereum accounts for 95%of the L2GAS fee consumption.
Before focusing on providing DA services, CELESTIA main online, Ethereum Mainnet monopolized 100%of the DA market.
Celestia introduces DAS (data availability sampling) and NMT (name space Merkle tree) to enhance consensus security and scalability.DAS technology supports Celestia network light nodes to participate in data availability verification links.The NMT (Merkle Tree) reduces Celestia’s consensus load.
At the beginning of the Celestia main network, with the low price, security, and high characteristics, it began to compete with the Ethereum main network in the DA market. Privacy L2 MANTA, decentralized optional agreement LYRA’s DAPP CHAIN, and Celestia’s many ecological partnersSuch as Dymension, an embrace of Celestia.
Celestia’s approach made the Ethereum community and Vitalik very uncomfortable, and eventually led to L2Beat remove the L2 list based on Celestia DA.
This is not entirely because of Celestia’s competitive damage to the value capture ability of Ethereum main network, and more because of its behavior that damages the coupling, equivalent and interoperability between Ethereum and L2.
However, not only Celestia, the DA market, but Eigenlayer, who invented the new primitive of RestAKing, also urgently needed an AVS (active verification service) instance to find a real scene of $ 1 billion in the platform.
Faced with the temptation of the blue ocean market in DA, Eigenlayer did not hesitate to choose EIGENDA as the first AVS instance.
It’s just that EIGENDA’s architecture is different from CELESTIA. It is more about using the status data submitted by ZK technology such as KZG commitment.To Ethereum main network.
EIGENDA is equivalent to the subcontractors that verify and finalize the final confirmation link in the DA service of Ethereum, rather than competitors like Celestia.
In addition to Ethereum, Celestia and EIGENDA, the DA market also has a player who has been ignored by everyone: Covalent.
We know that after the upgrade of Cancun, the Ethereum main network only saved the status data submitted by L2 for 1 month, and then discarded.In order to maintain the decentralization of the network and the establishment of the DAS light node mechanism, Celestia will also regularly discard the status data submitted by L2.
As a professional chain data platform on the giant of Binance, Coinbase, Coingecko, etc., Covalent launched the long -term DA service EWM (Ethereum Time shuttle) at the end of last year, and permanently stored the status data submitted by L2 discarded by Ethereum.
Moreover, COVALENT will integrate these data indexes and structured data API services on the chain of its platform to provide services and support for professional blockchain data websites, government regulatory departments, and artificial intelligence research teams.
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The figure above is a modular stack map made by the Cavalent team. The L2 project Arbitrum, Optimism, Scroll, etc. are responsible for writing status data. Ethereum is responsible for asset custody and settlement., Celestia and Eigenlayer’s Three Kingdoms Kill, COVALENT is responsible for the reading of L2 status data.
I think it is private,After the upgrade of Cancun, the modular chain will become the mainstream paradigm of the public chainAnd the DA layer will become the most intense field in the modular stack, and DA WAR will be staged in full swing.The protocols in the modular stack will become a major investment in 24 years.
