jakiro
Author: Riyue Xiaochu Source: medium
As an important milestone in the Bitcoin ecosystem recently, Zulu announced the implementation of zk-SNARK verification (ZKP) using Bitcoin scripts.Involves Groth16/FFlonk mainstream algorithms and submits the code to the BitVM repository.
The Bitcoin script is implemented for ZKP, which means that the Bitcoin network can verify layer2.This really means layer2, which is responsible for inheriting the security of the Bitcoin network, from the security of the Bitcoin Pow mechanism, which should be the most secure network for blockchain.
Due to the programmatic limitations of the Bitcoin network, it is particularly difficult to implement ZKP.Most of the existing Bitcoin l2 are not actually true L2, because its on-chain state cannot be directly verified on the Bitcoin network.They now intend to generate a zk proof and publish it to the BTC network.However, this proof is not verified by the Bitcoin network, but the role of their own network, which leads to the separation of the on-chain state of l2 from the Bitcoin network.
This is obviously different from Ethereum’s layer2.Whether it is zk-rollup or op-rollup, the data will be packaged and handed over to the Ethereum main network for verification.The biggest advantage of Ethereum layer 2 layer over other public chains is that Ethereum ensures the security of layer 2.
The biggest benefit of becoming the layer2 for verification of the Bitcoin network is that it inherits the security of the Bitcoin network.The security of the Bitcoin network is obviously better than Ethereum.Now there are two ways to truly inherit its security.One is represented by babylon, which pledges the native BTC and manages it by the Pos network, and severely punishes the evildoers.When the pledged BTC value is relatively high, the cost of doing evil is very high, so as to ensure security.However, the prerequisite for listing is that first there are a large number of BTCs for pledge.
The second type is to use Bitcoin’s own PW network. As the first and highest market value network, BTC has been operating safely for 14 years and has the highest computing power on the entire network. Its security factor is self-evident.Then, an important part of the inheritance of the security of the Bitcoin network is that BTC can achieve verification.This is the serious significance of Zulu’s ZKP this time.The last time I followed Zulu Network, it was its first two-layer Bitcoin architecture.This zk-SNARK verification (ZKP) made me realize that the technical strength behind Zulu is very strong.
zk-SNARK Chinese
SNARK (concise non-interactive knowledge argument) is a concise non-interactive knowledge argument. Its core is to build a proof system through mathematical algorithms so that the verifier can verify the correctness of the data itself without understanding the original data.We know that Ethereum Layer2 now has zk-rollup and op-rollup.Op-rollup is just an intermediate transition period, and zk-rollup is the final form.Because zk-rollup uses the zk algorithm to package transactions in batches and generates SNARK proofs to submit them to the main network, and the main network verifies all transactions in the batch.zk-SNARK can effectively protect privacy and have strong scalability. It is praised by V as the top priority for the next 10 years.
Bit Virtual Machine
Here we must introduce BitVM.Before BitVM, Bitcoin scripts did not have Turing’s.Although a large number of people have gone through a lot of work, they are still unusable.Until last October, Robin Linus released a shocking BitVM, Robin’s approach was to validate a special startup logic gate on a bitcoin script called a NAND gate, which is one of the basic word orders of calculations, located in the physical/electricallevel.All possible calculations can be constructed from NAND gates.
Recently, Robin proposed the design plan for BitVM 2.
The significance of BitVM is that it can be used to verify using the Bitcoin network without upgrading, forking, and without any additional burden on BTC.layer2 is responsible for other responsibilities calculations and inherits the security of the main network.Due to the huge significance of BitVM, many layer2 are built on BitVM.For example, Bitlayer is a layer two-layer solution that uses BitVM as its core component and invests in layered virtual machine technology (Layered Virtual Machine).
In Zulu Network, BitVM is also a very important existence.Zulu is also a very important contributor to BitVM. It can be said that using Bitcoin scripts to implement zk-SNARK verification is the most core step for BitVM.Zulu contributed a lot to the official GitHub code repository of BitVM 2, so it was highly recognized by BitVM inventor Robin Louis.
Last week, Zulu had completed the segmentation of the Groth16 script.2 common inputs, a total of 1701 subscripts were divided into 2 public inputs, with a size less than 4M and a depth of <1000.The first ZKP script segmentation is completed, representing one after another for BitVM commercial use.Thanks to Zulu's excellent work, BitVM2 can quickly implement the first SNARK proof based on Bitcoin.It also shows that Zulu's technology is also in a leading position.
Image Note: Zulu’s technology has been gained by Robin Louis, the inventor of BitVM.
Finally, let’s briefly introduce Zulu Network
Zulu Network is a two-layer network for the Bitcoin ecosystem, and its layer2 layer is an EVM-compatible ZuluPrime.EVM projects can be deployed quickly and at high end to achieve ecological prosperity.The other layer is Layer3 layer, called ZuluNexus.It innovatively unifies UTXO and account asset types and implements smart contract innovation based on the UTXO model.This means that it can maximize the functionality of UTXO and can support future innovations in UTXO.Zulu is developing two products:
-
You can try ZKP to verify the status of the off-chain Zulu bridge to support asset issuance
-
Develop a decentralized ZK bridge to provide users with any number of chain operations
Zulu has not issued coins yet. Those who want to participate in the early stage can participate in Zulu’s current test network points event.Read the official documentation in detail https://www.yuque.com/zulunetworkzhongwenshequn/zvggg8/kr9epkg0v27rh860?singleDoc#
