jakiro
Author: Haotian; Source: X, @tmel0211
Let’s talk about the V2 upgrade of x402 and share a few key points that I think are the most important:
1) Wallet identity + reusable session
In the V1 version, each API call must go through a complete on-chain transaction process. If an Agent continuously initiates payment requests, a large number of on-chain transactions will be generated. Coupled with delay superposition and gas accumulation, it cannot run at all in some high-frequency application scenarios;
V2 will soon introduce the Sign-In-With-X (SIWx) mechanism. The Agent verifies the wallet identity once, and subsequent calls can directly reuse the session without having to go to the chain for confirmation every time.This actually upgrades x402 pay-per-view to a subscription membership system, which can lower the performance technology threshold required in high-frequency scenarios;
2) CAIP standard multi-chain compatible
V1 is mainly based on the combined mechanism of Base + EIP3009 USDC. Other chains can only be encapsulated, bridged or relayed to access, and the technical complexity is obviously much higher.
V2 can achieve unified multi-chain asset identification through CAIP. Solana, Monad, Avalanche, other L2, and even traditional fiat currency payment channels can achieve seamless access, making the x402 protocol more open and convenient to be integrated by more chains;Such an adjustment is necessary because x402 cannot just stay at the protocol level. It must ultimately be a multi-chain ecological competition., only the first-mover advantage of Base, the high performance of Solana, and the liquidity of BSC can be combined to the maximum extent;
3) Extensions scalable mechanism
V2 introduces the concept of Extensions, allowing new functions to be extended without forking the main protocol.Discovery automatic discovery, dynamic payTo routing, and various future innovative gameplays can all be superimposed in the form of Extensions.
This actually creates a prerequisite for infrastructure and application innovation at the Facilitator and Provider levels.Devs can explore various payment model innovations based on the x402 protocol, including dynamic pricing, multi-party account sharing, conditional payment, delayed settlement, etc.
4) Plug-in SDK + automatic discovery mechanism
The V1 integration experience is still at the level of manual operations. Changing the SDK source code, manually matching the Facilitator list, etc. can only be done in small-scale application scenarios, but it will be troublesome once it reaches a large scale;
V2 has changed the SDK architecture.Facilitator can automatically crawl and index the metadata of x402 services, and price, routing, and support chain information are all automatically synchronized..In fact, the technical threshold has been further lowered and the open environment has become more friendly.
above.
V1 ran a large number of txs, which only proved the feasibility of x402 narrative, but also exposed many problems, such as closed ecology, high integration threshold, and unfriendly to the implementation of high-frequency applications.Obviously, the rapid complementation and advancement of V2 is to solve the problem of further large-scale implementation of x402.
Now, some interesting and innovative gameplay is just around the corner!
