jakiro
The second-level extension of Ethereum (ZK-Rollup) based on the zero-knowledge certificate has always been a faction that has been highly hoped in the Ethereum ecosystem.In theory, it can more balanced efficiency and safety.
Vitalik has repeatedly stated in his articles and public speeches that he has little optimism about this technology.
However, unfortunately, it is subject to restrictions on the current engineering technology in the specific implementation. Zero knowledge proves to consume a lot of computing power and it is difficult to complete complex calculations in a short period of time.This makes it difficult for it to compete with OP in terms of application, and the gap between the two is still widening.
This gap is particularly obvious in ecological construction.According to the latest data on the L2Beat (https://l2beat.com/scaling/tvl), the four ZK tvls that are added by the four ZKs of Stark, ZKSYNC, Linea and Scroll are not as good as the third OP series Base (rankingThe first and second are Arbitrum and Optimism).
Nevertheless, the enthusiasm of capital has never diminished.Recently, A16Z released its own open source platform ZKVM.
It should be noted that: Unlike the ZKEVM we often hear, ZKVM has one less letter, but the meaning is significantly different.ZKEVM emphasizes compatible Ethereum virtual machines, while ZKVM is a more broad virtual machine platform.Theoretically, ZKVM’s application range is wider.
In my memory, this is the first time the A16Z has set up the development of the track in person in the encryption track.
A16Z’s actions, Vitalik’s discussion and ZK’s advantages in technical theory remind us to maintain the development of the second -level expansion system of the ZK system.
However, the development of the second -level expansion system of several heads of the head of the head is really unsatisfactory, and another rising new star Metis is worthy of attention in some aspects.
Metis is also based on the second -level expansion of Ethereum proven by zero -knowledge.但和其它“纯种”的ZK系扩展不同，它采用了一种混合系统，一部分交易采用OP的处理方式，另一部分交易采用ZK的处理方式。This allows it to comprehensively comprehensively the advantages of both.
However, it is true that because of the current technical limitations, this advantage is not particularly obvious.
In addition, its “self -revolutionary” approach in the sorter is even more worthy.
在以太坊的Rollup第二层扩展系统中，无论是OP系还是ZK系，它们在技术上都有一个共同点：那就是需要排序器对交易进行排序、打包最后送到以太坊上进行最终的confirm.
目前绝大部分的第二层扩展系统为了实现上的便利和效率上的考虑统统采用了中心化的排序器，或者干脆直接用服务器进行处理。
This centralized treatment is an open “secret” in the industry, and even Vitalik has publicly criticized this problem.But no matter how everyone criticizes, the project party is “big thunder and small rain.”
Why?
Because the centralized sorter is too in line with the interests of the project party.
However, Metis boldly started the “self -revolution”, and began to try to decentralize the sorter and had substantial actions.
按照它的规划，未来只要愿意质押Metis代币的用户都可以参与Metis系统中交易的排序操作，就像以太坊中的质押一样。
This approach can also solve the problem of token empowerment of many second -layer expansion systems at the moment, making token value.
更重要的是，如果ZK系的排序器实现了去中心化运作，未来还可能衍生出新的赛道：基于硬件算力的零知识证明“挖矿”。
在这种“挖矿”中，第二层扩展中的每个节点都要力争用最强的算力最快算出零知识证明结果，而强算力需要强GPU的堆叠。
所以一旦这种发展成为趋势，很有可能新的挖矿赛道会在以太坊的第二层扩展乃至所有需要零知识证明计算的领域中诞生。
当然，它能否发展起来，还要看项目方除了重视技术之外是否同样重视生态建设，否则未来的前景也不容乐观。
However, these new trends that may change the ecosystem are still worthy of our investors’ attention.
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